The findings are increasingly relevant amid rising geopolitical tensions in the Middle East, where the Strait of Hormuz remains a vital passage for nearly one-fifth of global oil trade. Any escalation of conflict in the region has the potential to affect not only energy-exporting countries but also economies worldwide that depend heavily on imported fuel and stable shipping routes.
A Strategic Maritime Chokepoint for Global Energy
According to Joseph Robert Giri, the Strait of Hormuz is not merely an international shipping lane but a maritime chokepoint a narrow and highly strategic passage that determines the continuity of global energy flows. Its geographic position between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula gives it exceptional economic, political, and defense significance.
Giri emphasizes that maritime security in this region is directly linked to global economic stability. When shipping routes are threatened by military tension or geopolitical conflict, oil and gas transportation slows down, creating immediate pressure on global energy markets. This disruption extends far beyond the energy sector, influencing production costs, commodity prices, and overall economic growth.
Geopolitical Rivalry and Global Economic Risk
The study highlights the long-standing geopolitical rivalry between Iran and the United States, along with its regional allies, as a key factor increasing security risks in the Strait of Hormuz. This strategic competition raises the likelihood of maritime disruptions that could affect one of the world’s most important energy corridors.
Unlike previous studies that often separate defense and economic analysis, Giri’s research integrates both dimensions into a unified framework. The study demonstrates that maritime conflict and global economic stability are deeply interconnected through cascading mechanisms.
When energy supply is disrupted, oil prices tend to rise sharply. This price increase then triggers inflation, raises transportation and production costs, and places additional pressure on global industries. The effects are not isolated but spread across multiple sectors in a chain reaction that can slow down global economic growth.
System Dynamics Approach to Global Energy Security
The research applies a system dynamics approach using qualitative explanatory methods to analyze the complex relationships between geopolitical conflict, maritime security, energy distribution, and macroeconomic stability.
Data for the study were collected through strategic literature reviews, international energy reports, and academic sources related to geopolitics, maritime security, and global economics. The analysis uses dynamic thinking to illustrate how changes in one part of the system can generate widespread effects across the global economic structure.
Giri explains that this approach is more effective than linear models because maritime security and global economics operate through feedback loops and time delays, where impacts accumulate and interact over time rather than occurring instantly.
Sea Power and Naval Diplomacy as Stabilizing Forces
One of the key findings of the study is the importance of sea power in maintaining the security of global energy routes. Drawing on maritime theory by Geoffrey Till, the research highlights that oceans are not only military domains but also essential systems for global trade, energy distribution, and logistics.
Strong naval presence and maritime capabilities are therefore essential to ensuring freedom of navigation and preventing disruptions in critical shipping lanes such as the Strait of Hormuz.
The study also underscores the role of naval diplomacy, where naval forces are used not only for defense but also as instruments of deterrence, stability, and international cooperation. The presence of major naval powers in strategic waterways can help reduce the risk of escalation and provide confidence in the continuity of global trade routes.
According to Giri, “maritime security is no longer a purely military concern but a fundamental pillar of global economic resilience, where stability at sea directly determines stability on land.”
Global and National Implications
The findings carry significant implications for countries dependent on international trade and energy imports, including Indonesia. Although Indonesia is geographically distant from the Strait of Hormuz, disruptions in the region can still influence domestic fuel prices, inflation rates, exchange rate stability, and overall economic performance.
This highlights the importance of monitoring global geopolitical developments as part of national economic and security planning. Energy security, in this context, is not only about domestic production but also about understanding vulnerabilities in global supply chains.
The study concludes that maritime security has evolved into a core component of both national resilience and global economic stability. Ensuring the safety of international sea lanes is essential for maintaining uninterrupted energy flows and sustaining global economic growth.
Author Profile
Joseph Robert Giri is an academic researcher affiliated with the Indonesian Army Polytechnic (Poltekad). His research focuses on defense studies, maritime security, geopolitical energy systems, and global macroeconomic stability. Through a system dynamics approach, he examines the interconnected relationship between maritime conflict and global economic resilience.
Source
Giri, Joseph Robert. “The Strait of Hormuz as a Strategic Choke Point: An Analysis of the Risks of Global Energy Supply Disruption and Its Implications for Macroeconomic Stability.” Formosa Journal of Science and Technology (FJST), Vol. 5, No. 7, 2026. DOI: 10.55927/fjst.v5i7.124 URL : https://journalfjst.my.id/index.php/fjst
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