Deandels Road Assessment Reveals Critical Damage Hotspot and IDR 937 Million Maintenance Need
FORMOSA NEWS – Most sections of Deandels Road in Probolinggo Regency, East Java, remain in good condition. However, a recent study has identified a severely damaged segment requiring full reconstruction, highlighting the importance of preventive road maintenance. The research was conducted in 2026 by Rizky Yudha Hardiansyah, Hanie Teki Tjendani, and Sajiyo from the Master's Program in Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya. The study evaluated the condition of a 4.5-kilometer flexible pavement section of Deandels Road using the Surface Distress Index (SDI) method, a visual assessment standard adopted by Indonesia’s Directorate General of Highways (Bina Marga). The findings provide valuable data for local governments to prioritize maintenance activities and allocate road infrastructure budgets more effectively.
A Strategic Road Facing Increasing Deterioration Risks
Deandels Road serves as a vital transportation corridor connecting urban and peri-urban areas in Probolinggo Regency. The road accommodates a mixture of passenger vehicles, motorcycles, and heavy freight trucks on a daily basis. According to the researchers, accelerated pavement deterioration in many Indonesian regional roads is often caused by heavy traffic loads, overloaded vehicles, inadequate drainage systems, and construction quality issues. When minor pavement distress is left untreated, it can develop into structural damage that requires significantly higher repair costs. Prior to this study, no comprehensive quantitative assessment had been conducted to evaluate the structural condition of Deandels Road. The research was therefore designed to provide evidence-based information for future maintenance planning by local authorities.
Survey Conducted Across 45 Road Segments
The research team divided the 4,500-meter road section into 45 segments, each measuring 100 meters in length. A systematic visual survey was performed on every segment to record four key pavement distress indicators:
-Percentage of cracked pavement area.
-Crack width.
-Number of potholes.
-Rutting depth.
These parameters were then used to calculate SDI scores for each segment. Higher SDI values indicate more severe pavement deterioration and greater maintenance requirements.
Most of the Road Remains in Good Condition
The results show that the majority of Deandels Road still maintains acceptable structural integrity. The pavement condition distribution is as follows:
-66.7% (30 segments) classified as Good.
-8.9% (4 segments) classified as Fair.
-22.2% (10 segments) classified as Light Damage.
-2.2% (1 segment) classified as Severe Damage.
These findings indicate that approximately two-thirds of the corridor remains serviceable. Nevertheless, segments categorized as light or severe damage require immediate attention to prevent further structural deterioration.
STA 2+900–3+000 Identified as the Most Critical Section
The study identified the road section between STA 2+900 and STA 3+000 as the most critical damage hotspot. This 100-meter segment recorded an SDI value of 155, placing it in the Severe Damage category. Researchers found multiple forms of distress occurring simultaneously in this section, including:
-Cracked pavement area exceeding 10% of the surface.
-Wide cracks measuring more than 3 millimeters.
-Thirteen potholes within a 100-meter segment.
-Rutting depth reaching 40 millimeters.
The combination of these failures indicates significant structural deterioration, making full pavement reconstruction necessary.
Estimated Maintenance Cost Reaches IDR 937 Million
Based on the SDI classification results, the researchers developed a maintenance priority framework and estimated the required budget. The projected costs include:
-Routine maintenance: IDR 102.3 million
-Periodic maintenance: IDR 113.7 million
-Rehabilitation: IDR 92.1 million
-Reconstruction: IDR 629.2 million
The total estimated maintenance budget amounts to IDR 937.28 million. Notably, reconstruction of the severely damaged 100-meter segment alone accounts for approximately 67.1% of the total maintenance expenditure. This finding underscores the economic benefits of preventive maintenance, as delaying repairs can dramatically increase future rehabilitation costs.
SDI Proven as a Practical and Cost-Effective Tool
The study also demonstrates that the SDI method can serve as an effective pavement management tool for regional governments operating under limited budgets. Because SDI relies entirely on visual inspections rather than expensive instruments, road agencies can conduct comprehensive condition assessments with standard training and minimal equipment. This makes the method highly suitable for routine road monitoring programs across regional road networks. Rizky Yudha Hardiansyah and his colleagues concluded that regular SDI-based evaluations can help local governments make data-driven maintenance decisions and improve infrastructure budget efficiency. They recommend that the Public Works Office of Probolinggo Regency prioritize the reconstruction of STA 2+900–3+000 and implement preventive maintenance measures, such as crack sealing, on road sections that remain in good condition.
Author Profiles
Rizky Yudha Hardiansyah is a graduate student in the Master's Program in Civil Engineering at Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, specializing in pavement engineering and road infrastructure management.
Dr. Hanie Teki Tjendani is a civil engineering academic and researcher with expertise in pavement condition assessment, transportation infrastructure, and road asset management.
Sajiyo is a lecturer and researcher at the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, focusing on construction engineering and transportation infrastructure studies.
Research Source
Article Title: Surface Distress Index-Based Pavement Condition Assessment Using Visual Survey Method: A Case Study of Flexible Pavement on Deandels Road, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Rizky Yudha Hardiansyah, Hanie Teki Tjendani, Sajiyo
Journal: International Journal of Advanced Technology and Social Sciences (IJATSS), Volume 4, Issue 6, 2026
DOI: 10.59890/ijatss.v4i6.245
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