Work motivation among educational staff at the Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University (UNS), is driven by a combination of internal and external factors, according to a 2025 study by Rully Ashayati, Sutarno, and Setyaningsih Tri Utami from Universitas Slamet Riyadi Surakarta. The findings highlight that academic service performance depends not only on individual effort but also on institutional support.
In higher education, educational staff play a crucial role in managing administration and supporting academic services. However, motivation levels often fluctuate due to various influences, ranging from personal drive to workplace conditions. This study shows that an imbalance between internal and external factors can hinder optimal performance .
The research was conducted at the Faculty of Cultural Sciences, UNS, Surakarta, using a qualitative approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving staff from multiple units, including academic, finance, and administrative departments.
Key findings from the study include:
- Work motivation is formed through the interaction of internal and external factors.
- Internal factors include responsibility, self-development, and economic needs.
- External factors involve leadership support, reward systems, work environment, and facilities.
- Motivator factors such as achievement and recognition are the main drivers of job satisfaction.
- External factors do not directly increase motivation but help prevent job dissatisfaction.
- A balance between intrinsic motivation and organizational support is essential for optimal performance.
The study also reveals that educational staff generally possess strong internal motivation, including a sense of responsibility and commitment to their roles. However, external aspects such as workplace facilities and recognition systems still require improvement to fully support performance.
Rully Ashayati from Universitas Slamet Riyadi Surakarta emphasizes that work motivation cannot rely solely on individual factors. Organizational support, particularly from leadership, is essential in creating a productive and conducive work environment.
These findings carry important implications. For universities, the study provides a foundation for developing policies to enhance staff performance. For organizational management, it underscores the need to balance rewards, facilities, and leadership support. For educational staff, a supportive work environment can strengthen motivation and improve the quality of academic services.
Author Profile
- Rully Ashayati - Universitas Slamet Riyadi Surakarta.
- Sutarno- Universitas Slamet Riyadi Surakarta.
- Setyaningsih Tri Utami- Universitas Slamet Riyadi Surakarta.
Source
Ashayati, R., Sutarno, & Utami, S. T. (2025). Dynamics of Internal and External Factors in the Formation of Educational Personnel Motivation: A Case Study of the Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. International Journal of Educational Technology Research (IJETR), 4(1), 49–56.
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