Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Use Patterns in Outpatient Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at Kediri District Hospital in 2025

Ardianta Jumat, Oktober 09, 2026
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FORMOSA NEWS

Most Outpatient Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at Kediri District Hospital Successfully Adhere to Fixed-Dose Combination Therapy

KEDIRI — A comprehensive evaluation of anti-tuberculosis drug use patterns among outpatient pulmonary tuberculosis patients at Kediri Regency Regional General Hospital (RSUD Kabupaten Kediri) demonstrates high treatment effectiveness and patient adherence. Conducted by a team of researchers from Kadiri University—Arifani Siswidiasari, Elly Megasari, Prayoga Fery Yuniarto, and Tri Doso Sapto Agus Priyono—the study reveals that Category 1 Fixed-Dose Combination (FDC) anti-tuberculosis therapy served as the primary treatment regimen throughout 2025. Published in September 2026, these scientific insights provide essential clinical evidence to prevent treatment failure and mitigate the growing global threat of drug resistance.

Background and Contextual Challenges of Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most critical public health challenges worldwide and across Indonesia. Caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, this infectious disease spreads through airborne droplet nuclei generated when individuals with active TB cough or sneeze. According to national health surveys, the prevalence of pulmonary TB in Indonesia stands at 0.30%—affecting roughly 877,531 individuals—with East Java Province recording the second-highest case burden nationwide.

Standard treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis requires strict adherence to a multi-drug regimen over a minimum period of six months. The main obstacle to eradicating tuberculosis is treatment non-adherence and irregular hospital follow-ups, which lead to therapy failure, disease recurrence, and the emergence of drug-resistant bacterial strains. Consequently, monitoring prescribing patterns and patient compliance in clinical settings is vital for maintaining public health safety.

Simplified Research Methodology

The research team from Kadiri University employed a descriptive observational study design using a retrospective approach to review patient secondary data. Data collection occurred between February and March 2026, analyzing medical records from 62 outpatient pulmonary TB patients aged 17 to 65 years who received treatment at RSUD Kabupaten Kediri in 2025.

All data were extracted using a validated observation checklist. The evaluated metrics encompassed patient demographic profiles (gender, age, educational attainment, and occupation), specific anti-tuberculosis drug regimens, body weight distributions, treatment durations, Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear test results, and the frequency of routine follow-up visits.

Key Research Findings

Using descriptive statistical analysis, the researchers identified clear patterns regarding patient demographics and treatment efficacy:

  • Patient Demographic Profile: Males accounted for the majority of pulmonary TB cases at 53.2% (33 patients). The most affected age group was productive adults aged 26–35 years at 32.3% (20 patients). Most patients held a high school education (38.7%, 24 patients), and farming was the most common occupation (21.0%, 13 patients).
  • Drug Usage Patterns: A total of 43 patients (69.4%) received the Category 1 Fixed-Dose Combination regimen—specifically $2(RHZE)/4(HR)$-FDC—at a standard daily dose of four tablets. Prescriptions were adjusted based on body weight, with the 65–69 kg category representing the largest patient group (33.9%).
  • Treatment Duration: An overwhelming majority of 54 patients (87.1%) completed the full six-month course of standard anti-tuberculosis therapy.
  • Sputum Conversion Rates: Laboratory evaluations revealed that 75.8% of patients (47 individuals) achieved negative Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear tests by the sixth month, indicating high recovery rates and reduced risk of transmission.
  • Routine Follow-Up Adherence: A high level of patient engagement was recorded, with 55 patients (88.7%) maintaining consistent, routine medical follow-up appointments at the hospital.

Public Health Implications and Real-World Impact

The findings from Kadiri University highlight valuable strategies for optimizing public healthcare management and clinical policy:

  • Efficacy of Fixed-Dose Combinations: Utilizing FDC tablets reduces the overall daily pill burden for patients, significantly improving medication compliance and lowering the likelihood of acquiring drug-resistant tuberculosis.
  • Targeted Interventions for Working Populations: The high prevalence among young working adults and agricultural workers emphasizes the need for targeted workplace health programs, improved indoor ventilation, and continuous community education.
  • Role of Healthcare Counseling: Strong institutional support and regular monitoring by healthcare professionals directly influence patient commitment to finishing their treatment cycles.
"While prescribing patterns at the hospital align well with national treatment guidelines, patient non-adherence to the minimum six-month treatment duration remains a primary challenge that can trigger drug resistance," noted the researchers in their published paper. The authors recommend that healthcare facilities enhance medication counseling, maintain strict drug side-effect monitoring (SEM), and continuously evaluate dosages relative to patient weight changes throughout the treatment period.

Author Profiles

  1. Arifani Siswidiasari, M.Farm., Apt. — Pharmacist Professional Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kadiri University. Expertise in clinical pharmacy and drug utilization evaluation.
  2. Elly Megasari, M.Farm., Apt. — Pharmacist Professional Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kadiri University. Lecturer and researcher specializing in clinical and community pharmacy.
  3. Prayoga Fery Yuniarto, M.Farm., Apt. — Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kadiri University. Expert in pharmaceutical care management and therapeutic drug monitoring.
  4. Tri Doso Sapto Agus Priyono, M.Kes. — Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kadiri University. Specialist in public health and community pharmacy practice.

Research Source Information

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