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| Illustration by Ai |
Digital misinformation has become a major challenge in the platform age, where information can spread rapidly before its accuracy is verified. In an article published in the International Journal of Applied and Advanced Multidisciplinary Research (IJAAMR), Volume 4, Issue 9, in 2026, Loso Judijanto of IPOSS Jakarta proposes a six-step ethical framework grounded in Qur'anic principles to help people evaluate information responsibly and reduce the spread of false or misleading content.
The article, titled “From
Al-Haqq and Al-Batil to Digital Misinformation: Qur'anic Epistemic Ethics,
Verification, and the Struggle for Truth in the Platform Age,” connects the
Qur'anic concepts of al-haqq (truth) and al-batil (falsehood)
with contemporary discussions about misinformation. It emphasizes that sharing
information is not merely a technical activity but also an ethical
responsibility.
Why Digital Misinformation Is
Difficult to Address
Misinformation spreads for
several reasons. People may share content without checking it, believe
information because it appears repeatedly, trust familiar sources, or respond
emotionally to messages that support their existing beliefs. Information can also
become misleading when its original context is removed or when platform systems
amplify content that attracts attention.
These factors show that
misinformation cannot be addressed through a single solution. Fact-checking,
media literacy, corrections, and educational interventions can all help, but
their effectiveness depends on the situation, the audience's motivation, and
the level of trust in the source.
The article argues that Qur'anic
ethical principles can provide a useful foundation for encouraging people to
pause, verify information, and communicate more responsibly.
A Qualitative Review of
Existing Literature
Judijanto developed the
discussion through an integrative review of existing literature. The article
examines Islamic ethical concepts alongside research on misinformation,
verification, digital communication, and strategies for responding to false
information.
Because the study is a
qualitative literature review, it does not report a new experiment or measure
the direct impact of a specific intervention. Instead, it brings together ideas
from different fields to propose a framework for responsible information practices.
The framework is called the Qur'anic
Epistemic Responsibility Framework (QERF). It outlines six stages that can
guide people when they encounter information online.
Six Steps for Responsible
Digital Information Practices
The first step is to receive
information without automatically assuming that exposure means truth.
Seeing a message repeatedly or encountering it through a familiar account does
not necessarily make it accurate.
The second step is to pause
before sharing information impulsively. This encourages users to avoid
reacting immediately to content that triggers anger, fear, excitement, or
strong agreement.
The third step is to verify
the source and supporting evidence. Users should examine where the
information originated, whether the source is credible, and whether reliable
evidence supports the claim.
The fourth step is to distinguish
facts from interpretations, opinions, and speculation. A statement may
combine verified details with personal assumptions. Recognizing these
differences helps prevent uncertain claims from being presented as established
facts.
The fifth step is to communicate
in proportion to the available evidence. People should express confidence
carefully and avoid making stronger claims than the evidence can support.
The sixth step is to correct
mistakes openly. When someone discovers that information they shared was
inaccurate, acknowledging and correcting the error is part of responsible
communication.
Together, these steps translate
ethical principles into practical actions that can be applied when reading,
evaluating, and sharing digital content.
Shared Responsibility in the
Digital Environment
The article also emphasizes that
responsibility for addressing misinformation should not rest solely on
individual users. Digital platforms, journalists, educators, religious
communicators, institutions, and online communities all influence how information
is produced, distributed, and understood.
Fact-checking and corrections can
help audiences identify inaccurate claims. Prebunking, which prepares people to
recognize misleading techniques before encountering them, and accuracy prompts
may also encourage more careful decisions. However, these approaches need to be
adapted to different audiences and circumstances.
Judijanto's discussion also warns
against treating misinformation as a problem that can be solved only through
censorship. Responses should consider accuracy, accountability, context, and
the potential consequences of restricting communication.
Implications for Digital
Literacy in Indonesia
The proposed framework offers a
way to connect digital literacy with ethical responsibility. In Indonesia, it
may be useful as a discussion framework for schools, universities, families,
media organizations, and religious communities seeking to encourage more
responsible information sharing.
For example, educators could use
the six steps to teach students how to check sources, distinguish evidence from
opinion, and recognize when a claim needs further verification. Religious
communicators could also discuss how ethical commitments to truthfulness and
responsibility apply to online communication.
However, the framework's
practical effectiveness has not yet been established by the article. Further
empirical research is needed to test how well the six steps work in real
digital environments, including Indonesia and other Muslim-majority contexts.
The article also acknowledges
limitations in the available literature, including differences in research
methods and the relatively limited body of Islamic communication research
addressing these questions. Future studies could examine how the framework affects
verification habits, sharing decisions, and responses to misinformation.
Conclusion
Loso Judijanto's article presents
digital misinformation as both an information challenge and an ethical concern.
By connecting the Qur'anic concepts of al-haqq and al-batil with
contemporary misinformation research, it proposes six practical steps: receive
information cautiously, pause before sharing, verify sources, distinguish facts
from interpretations, communicate according to the evidence, and correct
mistakes openly.
The framework is a theoretical
proposal rather than an empirically validated intervention. Nevertheless, it
provides a structured basis for further research and discussion about how
individuals and institutions can promote more responsible communication in the
digital age.
Author Profile
Loso Judijanto is
identified in the article as being affiliated with IPOSS Jakarta. The article
does not specify his academic degree or provide further details about his
professional specialization.
Article Reference
Title: From Al-Haqq and
Al-Batil to Digital Misinformation: Qur'anic Epistemic Ethics, Verification,
and the Struggle for Truth in the Platform Age
Author: Loso Judijanto
Affiliation: IPOSS Jakarta
Journal: International
Journal of Applied and Advanced Multidisciplinary Research (IJAAMR)
Volume and Issue: Vol. 4,
No. 9, 2026
Pages: 881–900
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59890/ijaamr.v4i9.315
Official Journal Website: https://nvlmultitechpublisher.my.id/index.php/ijaamr/index
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